Cost-effective Solution for Maxillofacial Reconstruction Surgery with Virtual Surgical Planning and 3D Printed Cutting Guides Reduces Operative Time.

Background: This study aimed to explore a low-cost solution for virtual surgical planning/3D printed surgical guides in a training hospital, assessing the impact on intraoperative time and bleeding. Material and Methods: We included a total of 13 patients. 8 who underwent maxillofacial reconstruction surgery with fibula-free flap utilizing virtual surgical planning/3D printed guides (VP/SG), and 5 using conventional surgery (CS) from 2017 to 2020. The surgical time, bleeding, length of hospital stay, and comorbidities were collected and compared in two groups. We recorded the average cost for the complete surgical planning and 3D printed guides. We applied a qualitative survey to the surgeons involved in the surgical procedures. Results The mean surgical time in the VP/SG group was 8.16 ± 2.7, compared to the CS group 12.5 ± 3.8, showing a 4.34 hours difference with statistical significance (p = 0.033). Patients from the CS group had a higher bleeding volume of 921 ± 467.6 mL VS 760 ± 633.8 mL in the VP/SG group. The average cost for the complete surgical planning and 3D printed guides was 914.44 ± 46.39 USD. All the surgeons who answered the survey preferred to perform the procedure utilizing the virtual planning/3D printed guides. Conclusions Virtual planning and 3D printed surgical guides have the potential to reduce operation time in maxillofacial reconstruction.

Contexte : Cette étude visait à explorer une solution peu coûteuse pour la planification chirurgicale virtuelle/l'impression 3D de guides chirurgicaux dans un hôpital d'enseignement, en évaluant leur impact sur le temps peropératoire et le saignement. Matériel et méthodes : Nous avons inclus un total de 13 patients; 8 patients ont subi une chirurgie de reconstruction faciale avec lambeau libre de péroné (fibula) utilisant une planification chirurgicale virtuelle/des guides imprimés en 3D (VP/SG) et 5 patients ont subi une chirurgie conventionnelle (CS) entre 2017 et 2020. Le temps opératoire, le saignement, la durée de l'hospitalisation et les comorbidités ont été consignés et comparés entre les deux groupes. Nous avons enregistré le coût moyen pour la planification chirurgicale complète et les guides imprimés en 3D. Nous avons appliqué une enquête qualitative aux chirurgiens impliqués dans les procédures chirurgicales. Résultats : Le temps opératoire moyen dans le groupe VP/SG a été de 8,16 ± 2,7, comparativement à 12,5 ± 3,8 dans le groupe CS, soit une différence de 4,4 heures avec une signification statistique (P = 0033). Des patients du groupe CS ont perdu un plus grand volume de sang que les patients du groupe VP/SG (respectivement, 921 ± 467.6 mL contre 760 ± 633.8 mL). Le coût moyen de la planification chirurgicale complète et des guides imprimés en 3D a été de 914,44 ± 46,39 US$. Tous les chirurgiens ayant répondu à l'enquête ont préféré utiliser la planification virtuelle/les guides imprimés en 3D pour la réalisation de la procédure. Conclusions : La planification virtuelle et les guides chirurgicaux imprimés en 3D ont le potentiel de réduire les temps opératoires pour la reconstruction maxillo-faciale.

Evaluation and Optimization of the Wallace Rule of Nines for the Estimation of Total Body Surface Area in Obese and Nonobese Populations.

BACKGROUND: Currently, the Wallace Rule of Nines is the most widely used method to measure total body surface area (TBSA) in burned patients due to its practicality and speed in its application; however, it often provides inaccurate estimations in obese patients, affecting the fluid resuscitation process. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to modify and optimize the Rule of Nines' values for its application in these patients. METHODS: We compared the estimations of the TBSA established by the Wallace Rule of Nines against the measurements of the three-dimensional (3D) software Skanect - Meshmixer 3.5Ⓡ in participants without different obesity grades. Based on our results, we generate an optimized guideline for the evaluation of TBSA in normal body mass index (BMI) and obese patients. RESULTS: In our study, 32 participants were recruited with a mean age of 28.5 ± 3.3 years. In the general population, we observed a poor correlation between the Wallace Rule of Nines and the 3D method measures in all body regions (e.g., Anterior Trunk: 18.0 vs. 16.61 ± 2.11, p = 0.0008) except the anterior arm. Interestingly, these differences narrowed in the Trunk and Leg regions as the participants' BMI increased (e.g., Anterior Trunk in Obesity Grade II patients: 18.0 vs. 18.66 ± 1.69, p = 0.3089). CONCLUSIONS: We found important differences in TBSA determination using the 3D Skanect-MeshmixerⓇ software compared with the Wallace Rule of Nines. Therefore, we generated a modified and optimized Wallace Rule of Nines estimations based on BMI. Future studies are needed to assess the safety and efficacy of this optimized table.

Effectiveness of surgical treatment in chronic migraine.

OBJECTIVE: Migraine affects more than 35 million people in the United States of America, and 10% of the population in the world. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment in chronic migraine with frontal or occipital trigger areas. METHODS: We designed a pilot, proof of concept, and prospective study to analyze the effectiveness of surgical release of trigger nerves in severe frontal or occipital chronic migraines. The study was approved by the Ethics and Investigation Committee of Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González (Monterrey, N.L., Mexico). We included patients diagnosed with chronic migraine by the neurology service of Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González that attended our consult from March to December 2012. The patients were assessed by the MIDAS questionnaire and the diagnosis confirmed by injecting 2% lidocaine in the trigger sites. We realized a superior palpebral approach in frontal migraines to resection the glabellar muscles and an occipital approach to free the greater occipital nerve bilaterally. We evaluated complete and partial clinical response measuring the frequency, intensity, and duration of migraine episodes. RESULTS: We included three patients with Stage IV (severe incapacitating) frontal or occipital chronic migraines. Two were occipital trigger sites and one frontal. We obtained complete clinical response in two patients and a partial response in one. Pain intensity decreased in all patients. CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment is effective in Stage IV (severe incapacitating) frontal or occipital trigger chronic migraines.

OBJETIVOS: La migraña crónica afecta a más de 35 millones de personas en los EE.UU. y al 10% de la población en México. El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar la efectividad del tratamiento quirúrgico en la migraña crónica con sitios detonantes frontal u occipital para proponerla como alternativa quirúrgica en nuestro medio. MÉTODO: Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de migraña crónica con sitios detonantes frontal u occipital valorados por el servicio de neurología del Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González (Monterrey, N.L., México) que acudieron a consulta de marzo a diciembre de 2012, con la autorización del Comité de Ética e Investigación. Se valoraron mediante el cuestionario MIDAS, y los sitios gatillo se confirmaron con la inyección de lidocaína al 2%. Se realizó un abordaje en el surco palpebral superior para liberar los músculos corrugadores y procerus en caso de detonante frontal, y un abordaje occipital para liberar el nervio occipital mayor bilateral. Se valoró la respuesta clínica total y parcial según la intensidad, la frecuencia y la duración de los episodios migrañosos mensuales. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron tres pacientes con migraña crónica en etapa IV (incapacidad grave), a los que correspondían dos sitios detonantes frontal y uno occipital. Obtuvimos dos pacientes con respuesta clínica completa y una con respuesta parcial. La intensidad del dolor mejoró en todos los pacientes. CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento quirúrgico es efectivo en la migraña crónica con sitios detonantes frontal u occipital en pacientes con incapacidad grave.

Apendicitis perforada en una hernia incisional recidivante / Perforated apendicitis in a recurrent incisional hernia

Las hernias incisionales son la complicación más común a largo plazo en las laparotomías con una incidencia hasta 20 por ciento. Se ha descrito la presencia de casi todos los órganos intrabdominales en el interior de una hernia. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con apendicitis aguda en una hernia incisional recidivante, su presentación clínica y una revisión de la literatura acerca de esta patología. Femenino de 75 años de edad presentó una hernia incisional recidivante estrangulada, se realizó una laparotomía exploradora, encontrando el apéndice cecal perforado. Se realizó la apendicectomía y una desbridación amplia de la piel y la grasa alrededor de la herida. Durante el internamiento se colocaron 4 sistemas de cicatrización asistida con presión negativa. Se tomó un injerto de espesor parcial del muslo izquierdo y se cubrió el defecto. Es importante estar consciente de las posibles complicaciones para determina la mejor estrategia en la cirugía(AU)

Incisional hernia is the most long-term common complication in laparotomies with an incidence rate up to 20 percent. The presence of almost all intra-abdominal organs inside a hernia has been described. Here is a 75 years-old female patient with acute appendicitis in a recurrent incisional hernia, its clinical presentation and the literature review about this pathology. This patient had strangulated recurrent incisional hernia and she underwent exploratory laparotomy to find perforated cecal appendix. Appendicectomy and extensive debridement of skin and fat around the wound were performed. During the hospitalization period, four negative pressure-assisted wound closure systems were placed. A partially thick graft was taken from the left thigh to cover the defect. It is important to be aware of the possible complications in order to determine the best surgical strategy(AU)

Apendicitis perforada en una hernia incisional recidivante / Perforated apendicitis in a recurrent incisional hernia

RESUMEN Las hernias incisionales son la complicación más común a largo plazo en las laparotomías con una incidencia hasta 20 por ciento. Se ha descrito la presencia de casi todos los órganos intrabdominales en el interior de una hernia. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con apendicitis aguda en una hernia incisional recidivante, su presentación clínica y una revisión de la literatura acerca de esta patología. Femenino de 75 años de edad presentó una hernia incisional recidivante estrangulada, se realizó una laparotomía exploradora, encontrando el apéndice cecal perforado. Se realizó la apendicectomía y una desbridación amplia de la piel y la grasa alrededor de la herida. Durante el internamiento se colocaron 4 sistemas de cicatrización asistida con presión negativa. Se tomó un injerto de espesor parcial del muslo izquierdo y se cubrió el defecto. Es importante estar consciente de las posibles complicaciones para determina la mejor estrategia en la cirugía(AU)

ABSTRACT Incisional hernia is the most long-term common complication in laparotomies with an incidence rate up to 20 percent. The presence of almost all intra-abdominal organs inside a hernia has been described. Here is a 75 years-old female patient with acute appendicitis in a recurrent incisional hernia, its clinical presentation and the literature review about this pathology. This patient had strangulated recurrent incisional hernia and she underwent exploratory laparotomy to find perforated cecal appendix. Appendicectomy and extensive debridement of skin and fat around the wound were performed. During the hospitalization period, four negative pressure-assisted wound closure systems were placed. A partially thick graft was taken from the left thigh to cover the defect. It is important to be aware of the possible complications in order to determine the best surgical strategy(AU)

Pirfenidone increases the epithelialization rate of skin graft donor sites.

BACKGROUND: Improving epithelialization of donor sites of split-thickness skin grafts (STSG) is extremely important in burned patients. We aimed to assess the efficacy of pirfenidone, a drug with anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antioxidant effects, to accelerate wound healing. We hypothesized that pirfenidone accelerates the epithelialization rates in donor sites. METHODS: We included 28 patients requiring STSGs with donor sites of at least 7.5×10cm. After harvesting, the donor sites were randomly treated with either non-adherent gauze or topical pirfenidone and covered with non-adherent gauze. To assess epithelialization, biopsies were taken at day 7 and 10 on the pirfenidone group, and at day 10 on the control group. Percentage of epithelialization was assessed on the same days through clinical photographs. The pathologists and the clinical observer were blinded to the group and timepoint of the samples. RESULTS: 24 patients were included in the study, with a median age of 21(5-73) for control group and 28(9-61) for pirfenidone. The thickness of epithelium was 75.10±60µm at day 10 for the control group; and 98.21±6µm at day 7, and 108±22µm at day 10 for the pirfenidone group (p=<0.05). Epithelization rate was 83.58±14.09% at day 10 for the control group; and 98.7±1.8% at day 7, and 99.5±1.6% at day 10 for the pirfenidone group. CONCLUSIONS: Pirfenidone is efficient in reducing the healing times when applied in STSG donor sites, at both days 7 and 10.

Effectiveness of surgical treatment in chronic migraine.

Objective: Migraine affects more than 35 million people in the United States of America, and 10% of the population in the world. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment in chronic migraine with frontal or occipital trigger areas. Methods: We designed a pilot, proof of concept, and prospective study to analyze the effectiveness of surgical release of trigger nerves in severe frontal or occipital chronic migraines. The study was approved by the Ethics and Investigation Committee of Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González (Monterrey, N.L., Mexico). We included patients diagnosed with chronic migraine by the neurology service of Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González that attended our consult from March to December 2012. The patients were assessed by the MIDAS questionnaire and the diagnosis confirmed by injecting 2% lidocaine in the trigger sites. We realized a superior palpebral approach in frontal migraines to resection the glabellar muscles and an occipital approach to free the greater occipital nerve bilaterally. We evaluated complete and partial clinical response measuring the frequency, intensity, and duration of migraine episodes. Results: We included three patients with Stage IV (severe incapacitating) frontal or occipital chronic migraines. Two were occipital trigger sites and one frontal. We obtained complete clinical response in two patients and a partial response in one. Pain intensity decreased in all patients. Conclusion: Surgical treatment is effective in Stage IV (severe incapacitating) frontal or occipital trigger chronic migraines.

Objetivos: La migraña crónica afecta a más de 35 millones de personas en los EE.UU. y al 10% de la población en México. El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar la efectividad del tratamiento quirúrgico en la migraña crónica con sitios detonantes frontal u occipital para proponerla como alternativa quirúrgica en nuestro medio. Método: Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de migraña crónica con sitios detonantes frontal u occipital valorados por el servicio de neurología del Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González (Monterrey, N.L., México) que acudieron a consulta de marzo a diciembre de 2012, con la autorización del Comité de Ética e Investigación. Se valoraron mediante el cuestionario MIDAS, y los sitios gatillo se confirmaron con la inyección de lidocaína al 2%. Se realizó un abordaje en el surco palpebral superior para liberar los músculos corrugadores y procerus en caso de detonante frontal, y un abordaje occipital para liberar el nervio occipital mayor bilateral. Se valoró la respuesta clínica total y parcial según la intensidad, la frecuencia y la duración de los episodios migrañosos mensuales. Resultados: Se incluyeron tres pacientes con migraña crónica en etapa IV (incapacidad grave), a los que correspondían dos sitios detonantes frontal y uno occipital. Obtuvimos dos pacientes con respuesta clínica completa y una con respuesta parcial. La intensidad del dolor mejoró en todos los pacientes. Conclusiones: El tratamiento quirúrgico es efectivo en la migraña crónica con sitios detonantes frontal u occipital en pacientes con incapacidad grave.